Not medical advice. Talk to your provider before using any peptide.
Full disclaimerOctober 2026 edition
The Peptide Evidence Gap: Search Demand vs Human Research
This study checks how much human research backs each of 104 peptides and related compounds on this site that have no FDA approval, and sets it against how often people in the US search for them. BPC-157 alone draws about 301,000 US searches a month, with no finished phase 1 to 3 trial in people behind it. A phase 2 trial is registered but has not finished. Of the 1,307,440 counted US searches a month, 59% go to peptides with no finished phase 1 to 3 trial in people.
Peptide Schedule Research TeamReviewed Oct 8, 2026
Key Findings
57%
have no finished phase 1 to 3 trial in people (59 of 104)
See the 5959%
of the counted US searches in this study go to those peptides
See the most searched26
have a finished phase 3 trial or an approval outside the US
See the 266
have consistent user reports but no finished phase 1 to 3 trial in people
See the 6- 45 peptides have no finished or published study in people. So far, their research is in animals, cells or test tubes.
- 14 have only small human studies, such as pilots or case reports, with no finished phase 1 to 3 trial.
- 19 reached a finished phase 1 or phase 2 trial, the early stages that test safety and dose.
- 7 have a registered trial above their stage that has not finished. Registration shows a trial is planned or running, not that it worked.
Do Peptides Work? What the Human Evidence Shows
It depends on the peptide. Of the 104 peptides and related compounds in this study, 26 have a finished phase 3 trial or an approval outside the US. That shows how far testing got, not that it worked. Several of the 26 had a finished trial that found no benefit. For example, a 1,106-person phase 3 trial of thymosin alpha 1 in sepsis (2025) found no survival benefit. Meanwhile 59 of the 104 (57%) have no finished phase 1 to 3 trial in people.
For those, what is known comes from animal studies, small pilots and user reports. No finished trial is not evidence that a peptide fails, or that it works. Some were never tested, some trials are still running, and a few stopped early. Approved peptides such as semaglutide are in the list of FDA-approved peptides. Those with a recent FDA event are in the peptide regulatory tracker.
Consistent User Reports, No Finished Trial
These 6 peptides have strong community consensus, meaning the user reports on them are consistent, yet no finished phase 1 to 3 trial in people. Consistent reports are not proof. They have no placebo group, the product is rarely tested, and people who notice nothing are less likely to post. Each peptide's page shows the studies and the user reports side by side.
- BPC-157Small human studies onlyCommunity: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- CJC-1295 (No DAC)No human studies foundCommunity: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- GHK-CuSmall human studies onlyCommunity: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- IGF-1 LR3No human studies foundCommunity: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- Matrixyl 3000Small human studies onlyCommunity: Strong, agrees with studies
- TB-500No human studies foundCommunity: Strong, partly agrees with studies
The 20 Most Searched, by Evidence
US monthly Google searches. Bar color shows the furthest finished stage of human research. Leaves out 16 peptides whose search term also covers other products, marked with an asterisk in the explorer below.
- BPC-157301,000
- Glutathione246,000
- GHK-Cu201,000
- MOTS-c60,500
- TB-50049,500
- Cagrilintide33,100
- 5-Amino-1MQ27,100
- SLU-PP-33227,100
- Ghrelin22,200
- IGF-1 LR322,200
- Selank22,200
- AOD-960418,100
- Bromantane (Ladasten)18,100
- Cerebrolysin18,100
- Tesofensine18,100
- Thymosin Alpha 118,100
- Dihexa14,800
- Epithalon12,100
- Somatostatin (SST-14 and SST-28)12,100
- Argireline9,900
- Approved outside the US
- Phase 3 trial
- Phase 2 trial
- Phase 1 trial
- Small human studies only
- No human studies found
Explore All 104 Peptides
Download CSVFilter by how far human research got, how consistent user reports are, or what people use the peptide for. Open any card for the full profile.
Showing 104 of 104, most searched first. * marks a search term that also covers other products.
- BPC-157Healing301,000US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Phase 2 registered, recruiting: NCT07437547
Only three small, uncontrolled pilot studies in people are published (16, 12 and 2 patients). A 120-person phase 2 trial began recruiting in 2026.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- GlutathioneAnti-aging246,000US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Approved in Japan as Tathion injection for drug poisoning, liver disease and skin pigmentation. Wellness IV and oral uses are not approved anywhere.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- GHK-CuAnti-aging201,000US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Phase 2 registered, recruiting: NCT07437586
Published human data are small topical skin studies. No injectable human study exists. A 60-person phase 2 wound gel trial started recruiting in 2026.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
Full profile1 source
PMID 16847171 - NAD+Anti-aging135,000*US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
China approved an IM NAD+ injection in 2002 for leukopenia and heart disease support. No regulator has approved NAD+ for anti-aging or IV wellness use.
* The search "nad" also covers NAD+ boosters such as NMN and NR, and other meanings of the abbreviation.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- 74,000*US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Approved in the UK and EU only as a fixed combination with phentolamine (Invicorp) for erectile dysfunction. Alone, aviptadil failed a phase 3 COVID-19 trial.
* "vip" mostly means something other than the peptide.
Community: Strong, agrees with studies
- CJC-1295 (DAC)Muscle & growth60,500*US searches/mo
Phase 1 trial
Two randomized phase 1 dose studies in healthy adults were published in 2006. The only phase 2 trial (HIV, 120 people) was stopped and never published.
* The search "cjc1295" covers both CJC-1295 entries, with and without DAC.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- CJC-1295 (No DAC)Muscle & growth60,500*US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human study of the no-DAC form was found. CJC-1295 with DAC, a different product, was tested in healthy adults and a stopped phase 2 trial.
* The search "cjc1295" covers both CJC-1295 entries, with and without DAC.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - MOTS-cMetabolic60,500US searches/mo
No human studies found
Phase 2 registered, recruiting: NCT07505745
No study has given MOTS-c to people. Human papers only measure natural levels. A 120-person phase 2 trial began recruiting in 2026.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - TB-500Healing49,500US searches/mo
No human studies found
Phase 1 registered, recruiting: NCT07487363
No published study has given the TB-500 fragment to people. A phase 1/2 trial (80 people) began recruiting in 2026. Full thymosin beta-4 is a separate entry.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - CagrilintideWeight loss33,100US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Cagrilintide alone has completed phase 3 arms (REDEFINE 1, published 2025; REIMAGINE 2). Most phase 3 data are for the CagriSema combination.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- 5-Amino-1MQWeight loss27,100US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial has been registered or published. Evidence is limited to mice and cell studies.
Community: Weak, disagrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - SLU-PP-332Metabolic27,100US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial has been registered or published. All data come from mice and from doping-control lab work.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - GhrelinMetabolic22,200US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Phase 3 label sits on one 31-person appetite study in cancer patients (2010). Other finished ghrelin trials are phase 2.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- IGF-1 LR3Anti-aging22,200US searches/mo
No human studies found
Made for cell culture and livestock research. No study has given LR3 IGF-1 to people; human papers are doping-detection methods.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - SelankBrain22,200US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Registered in Russia since 2009 as 0.15% nasal drops for anxiety. Supporting trials are small Russian studies.
Community: Strong, agrees with studies
- AOD-9604Weight loss18,100US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Six company trials up to a 502-person phase 2b (2007) found it safe, but it failed to beat placebo on weight loss. Development for obesity stopped.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - 18,100US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Sold in Russia as Ladasten (registration renewed 2024) for fatigue and neurasthenia, based on small Russian trials. Not a peptide.
Community: Moderate, agrees with studies
- CerebrolysinBrain18,100US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Authorized in Austria, Russia and other countries, not in the US. Large stroke trials show mixed results.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- TesofensineWeight loss18,100US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
The 372-person Mexican phase 3 was reported only by the company. It is not registered or published. Mexico's regulator declined approval in 2024.
Community: Moderate, agrees with studies
- Thymosin Alpha 1Immune18,100US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Approved in China (Zadaxin, 1996) and about 30 other countries. A 1,106-person phase 3 sepsis trial (2025) found no survival benefit.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- DihexaBrain14,800US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Tested as fosgonimeton, a prodrug the body turns into dihexa. Its 554-person phase 2/3 Alzheimer's trial did not meet its main goal.
Community: Weak, disagrees with studies
- KPVImmune14,800*US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of KPV was found. Anti-inflammatory results come from mice and cell studies.
* "kpv" is a common abbreviation, so not every search is about the peptide.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - EpithalonAnti-aging12,100US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Only small Russian studies from the Khavinson group gave Epitalon to people (retina disease, melatonin in the elderly). Not an approved drug anywhere.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- Orexin (Hypocretin)Sleep12,100*US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Intranasal orexin-A was tested in small crossover studies (7 to 14 people) in narcolepsy and healthy men. No phase label; orexin agonist drugs differ.
* Includes searches about orexin-blocking sleep drugs.
Community: Weak, disagrees with studies
- Somatostatin (SST-14 and SST-28)Metabolic12,100US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Native somatostatin infusion is approved in Spain, Belgium, Germany and Italy for GI bleeding and pancreatic surgery. Not for anti-aging or fat loss.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- ArgirelineAnti-aging9,900US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Phase 3 label sits on a 70-person cosmetic wrinkle study (topical cream, Thailand, 2009). No trial has tested injected Argireline.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- DSIPSleep9,900US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Registered in Russia as Deltaran nasal spray for stress and alcohol withdrawal. Insomnia trials from the 1980s and 90s were small, with mixed results.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- BradykininImmune8,100US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Phase 2 label sits on a physiology study that used bradykinin as a blood vessel probe. No trial has tested bradykinin as a treatment.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- 8,100*US searches/mo
Phase 1 trial
One published phase 1 study (intranasal, healthy volunteers, 2007). No later human trial was found.
* "fgl" is a common abbreviation, so not every search is about the peptide.
Community: Weak, few user reports
Full profile1 source
PMID 17375985 - Follistatin-344Muscle & growth8,100*US searches/mo
No human studies found
Only gene therapies that make the body produce follistatin, or a cell-derived mix containing it, were tested in people. The protein itself was never injected.
* Includes searches about follistatin gene therapy and supplements.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - Lipo-CWeight loss8,100US searches/mo
No human studies found
No published trial of the lipotropic (MIC + B12) injection blend was found. Marketing pages cite studies that cannot be located.
Community: Moderate, agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - PinealonBrain8,100US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Small Russian studies (Khavinson group) gave Pinealon capsules to railway workers and older patients. None was a controlled phase trial.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
- SurvodutideWeight loss8,100US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Phase 3 SYNCHRONIZE trials finished in 2025 and were published in 2026. Not yet approved anywhere.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- 6,600*US searches/mo
Small human studies only
CGRP infusions were tested in small trials (10 to 15 patients) for stroke, Raynaud's and heart failure, plus many migraine-trigger studies. No phase label.
* Mostly searches about CGRP-blocking migraine drugs.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- GHRP-6Muscle & growth6,600US searches/mo
Phase 1 trial
Alone, GHRP-6 has a 9-person phase 1 study and small 1990s hormone tests. The 2026 phase 3 stroke trial tested it only combined with EGF.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- Kisspeptin-10Sexual health6,600US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Phase 3 labels sit on three small physiology studies (14 to 30 men and boys). Larger phase 2 trials used kisspeptin-54, a longer form.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
- MatrixylAnti-aging6,600*US searches/mo
Small human studies only
One 93-woman split-face study tested pal-KTTKS cream against placebo for 12 weeks. Other studies used multi-ingredient products.
* Includes searches for Matrixyl 3000, a separate entry.
Community: Moderate, agrees with studies
Full profile1 source
PMID 18492182 - Matrixyl 3000Anti-aging6,600US searches/mo
Small human studies only
One small study applied the two-peptide blend to volunteers against placebo and measured skin by imaging. Other trials used creams with extra actives.
Community: Strong, agrees with studies
Full profile1 source
PMID 25817264 - SNAP-8Anti-aging6,600US searches/mo
No human studies found
Only the maker's unpublished tests on volunteers exist. No peer-reviewed study or registered trial was found.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - Substance PImmune6,600US searches/mo
Phase 1 trial
Human studies are physiology experiments. The phase 1 label is a 40-person allergy study. Approved drugs in this area block substance P.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- AHK-CuAnti-aging5,400US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human study of AHK-Cu was found. Hair results are from cell studies; the human copper-peptide trials used GHK-Cu, a different peptide.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - ARA-290Healing5,400US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
A 64-person phase 2 trial in sarcoidosis nerve damage (2017) was positive on nerve fiber counts. No phase 3 has started.
Community: Weak, agrees with studies
- CagriSemaWeight loss5,400US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Phase 3 REDEFINE trials are complete and published. The FDA filing was submitted in late 2025; no approval yet.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- GHRP-2Muscle & growth5,400US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Approved in Japan (2004) only as a one-dose diagnostic test for growth hormone deficiency, not as a treatment.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- MazdutideWeight loss5,400US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Approved in China (June 2025) for weight management. Not approved in the US.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- MGF (Mechano Growth Factor)Muscle & growth5,400*US searches/mo
No human studies found
No study has given MGF to people. Human papers only measure the body's own MGF gene activity in muscle.
* "mgf" is a common abbreviation, so not every search is about the peptide.
Community: Weak, disagrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - CartalaxHealing4,400US searches/mo
No human studies found
Sold as a dietary supplement. No human study of Cartalax (Ala-Glu-Asp) was found; data are from cell cultures.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - LL-37Immune4,400US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
A 148-person phase 2b trial of topical LL-37 for leg ulcers (2021) missed its main goal. Injected LL-37 has only a 4-person cancer study.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- Thymosin Beta-4Healing4,400*US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Phase 3 data are for RGN-259 eye drops (dry eye, 601 and 700 people). Injected thymosin beta-4 has only phase 2 wound and heart studies.
* Includes searches for TB-500, which sellers often call thymosin beta-4.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- Amylin (IAPP)Metabolic3,600*US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Human amylin was infused in small physiology studies (7 to 9 volunteers). The approved drug pramlintide is a modified analog, not amylin itself.
* Includes searches about amylin-based drugs such as pramlintide.
Community: Weak, few user reports
Full profile2 sources
PMID 7649582PMID 8163050 - BAM-15Metabolic3,600US searches/mo
No human studies found
Never tested in people. Results come from mice and cell studies; it is sold only as a research chemical.
Community: Weak, disagrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - P21Brain3,600*US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of P021 was found; its developer lists it as preclinical. Data come from mice and rats.
* "p21" is also the name of a well-known cell-cycle protein.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - Adipotide (FTPP)Weight loss2,900US searches/mo
No human studies found
A first-in-human trial dosed 4 cancer patients, then stopped. No results were published. All other data come from monkeys and rodents.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
Full profile1 source
NCT01262664 - Larazotide (AT-1001)Healing2,900US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
The phase 3 trial (307 people) was stopped in 2022 and never published. The best finished trial is a 342-person phase 2b (2015) with modest results.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- AICAR (Acadesine)Metabolic2,400US searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Acadesine (IV) reached phase 3 for heart surgery; the 3,080-person RED-CABG trial was stopped for futility. No human data exist for injected AICAR.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
- DermorphinHealing2,400US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Dermorphin was given to small groups of volunteers and patients in 1980s hormone and reflex studies. No therapeutic trial exists.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- Neuropeptide Y (NPY)Metabolic2,400US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Phase 2 label sits on a 10-person intranasal study in healthy men. Later trials in PTSD and depression were small.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- PE-22-28Brain2,400US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of PE-22-28 or spadin was found. Antidepressant results come from mice.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - HumaninAnti-aging1,900US searches/mo
No human studies found
No trial has given humanin to people. Human studies only measure natural humanin levels in blood.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - PEG-MGFMuscle & growth1,900US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human study of PEG-MGF exists. Even animal data are sparse; it is sold only as a research chemical.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - PNC-27Immune1,900US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of PNC-27 was found. Anticancer results come from cell cultures and patient-derived cells in the lab.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - ThymalinImmune1,900US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Registered in Russia (Samson-Med) as an immune drug. Supporting studies are small, mostly unblinded Russian trials.
Community: Moderate, agrees with studies
- Defensin (HNP-1)Immune1,600*US searches/mo
No human studies found
No study has given HNP-1 to people. Skin serums tested in trials use alpha-defensin 5 and beta-defensin 3, which are different peptides.
* Covers the whole defensin protein family, not just HNP-1.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - FOXO4-DRIAnti-aging1,600US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of FOXO4-DRI was found. Anti-aging results come from mice (2017) and cell studies.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - ACE-031Muscle & growth1,300US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
A phase 2 trial in 24 boys with Duchenne was stopped over nosebleeds and skin blood vessel changes. Development ended.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
- Beta-EndorphinBrain1,300US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Synthetic beta-endorphin was infused in small double-blind studies (7 to 23 people) in depression, angina, heart failure and hypertension. No phase label.
Community: None, few user reports
- CardiogenHealing1,300*US searches/mo
No human studies found
Sold as a dietary supplement. No human study of Cardiogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg) was found.
* Also the name of a heart-imaging product, CardioGen-82.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - IGF-1 DESMuscle & growth1,300US searches/mo
No human studies found
No study has given des(1-3)IGF-1 to people. Human papers are doping-detection methods and lab work.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - Syn-AkeAnti-aging1,300US searches/mo
No human studies found
Only the maker's unpublished volunteer tests exist. The one peer-reviewed human study used a serum with four other active ingredients.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - BronchogenHealing1,000US searches/mo
No human studies found
Sold as a dietary supplement. No human study of Bronchogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu) was found.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - CortagenBrain1,000US searches/mo
No human studies found
Sold as a dietary supplement. No human study of Cortagen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro) was found.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - CortexinBrain1,000US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Registered in Russia (Geropharm) for stroke and brain injury. Supporting trials are Russian studies. Not approved in the US or EU.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
- NA-Semax AmidateBrain1,000US searches/mo
No human studies found
No study of N-acetyl Semax amidate in people or animals was found. Semax, a different molecule, is approved in Russia.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - Thymulin (FTS)Immune1,000US searches/mo
Small human studies only
A 40-patient double-blind trial of synthetic thymulin in multiple sclerosis found no benefit (1989). Earlier case reports in immunodeficient children.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
Full profile2 sources
PMID 2618585PMID 6124716 - PTD-DBMAnti-aging880US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of PTD-DBM was found. Hair regrowth results come from mice and lab cells (Yonsei University, 2017).
Community: Weak, disagrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - 720US searches/mo
Phase 1 trial
One phase 1 trial (acute kidney failure, 45 people, 1999) is the only finished trial of native alpha-MSH. Afamelanotide and other analogs are separate drugs.
Community: Weak, few user reports
Full profile2 sources
NCT00004496NCT06293664 - Pemvidutide (ALT-801)Weight loss720US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Phase 3 registered, recruiting: NCT07795164
Phase 2 trials in obesity (391 people) and MASH (212) are complete. A 1,800-person phase 3 began recruiting in 2026.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- CrystagenImmune480US searches/mo
No human studies found
Sold as a dietary supplement. No human study of Crystagen (Glu-Asp-Pro) was found.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - 480US searches/mo
No human studies found
No study has given endomorphin-1 or -2 to people. Human papers measure natural levels; the analogs in trials are different molecules.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - B7-33Healing390US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of B7-33 was found. Anti-fibrosis results come from animals; relaxin trials used serelaxin, a different molecule.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - Carbetocin (Duratocin/Pabal)Healing390US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Approved in Canada (1997), the EU and many other countries to prevent bleeding after childbirth. Not approved in the US.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- DanuglipronWeight loss390US searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Phase 2b trials in obesity (628 people) and diabetes finished; Pfizer dropped it in 2025. It is a small molecule, not a peptide.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- 390US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Registered in Russia as Noopept (10 mg tablets) for memory and attention problems. Trials are small Russian studies. Not a true peptide.
Community: Strong, agrees with studies
- Atosiban (Tractocile)Sexual health320US searches/mo
Approved outside the US
EU approved (Tractocile, 2000) to delay preterm labor. Not approved in the US. A 2025 trial found no benefit over placebo in late preterm labor.
Community: Weak, few user reports
- 320US searches/mo
Small human studies only
Small double-blind studies (8 to 20 patients) in depression and Parkinson's between 1974 and 1994. Never registered or phase-labelled.
Community: Weak, agrees with studies
Full profile2 sources
PMID 7989637PMID 4614981 - CerlutenBrain210US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of brain peptides. Its drug-grade relative Cortexin is approved in Russia, but no study of Cerluten itself was found.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - EndolutenAnti-aging210US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of pineal peptides. Its drug-grade relative Epithalamin was studied in Russia, but no study of Endoluten itself was found.
Community: Weak, agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - DNSP-11Brain140US searches/mo
No human studies found
No human trial of DNSP-11 was found. Data come from rat Parkinson's models and cell studies.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - GlandokortMetabolic140US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of adrenal peptides. No human study of Glandokort was found.
Community: Weak, agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - VladonixImmune110US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of thymus peptides. Its drug-grade relative Thymalin is approved in Russia, but no study of Vladonix itself was found.
Community: Weak, agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - GotratixMuscle & growth90US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of muscle peptides. No human study of Gotratix was found.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - SvetinormMetabolic90US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of liver peptides. No human study of Svetinorm was found; related Russian data are animal and cell work.
Community: Weak, agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - Lactoferricin B (LfcinB)Immune50US searches/mo
No human studies found
No study has given lactoferricin B to people. Oral lactoferrin trials used the whole protein, a different substance.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - BonomarlotImmune40US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of bone-marrow peptides. No human study of Bonomarlot was found.
Community: Weak, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - 40US searches/mo
No human studies found
No trial gave cGP itself to people. Human studies used blackcurrant extracts that contain cGP among many other compounds.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - BonothyrkMetabolic30US searches/mo
No human studies found
Dietary supplement of parathyroid peptides. No human study of Bonothyrk was found.
Community: Weak, agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - Apelin-12Healing10US searches/mo
No human studies found
No trial gave apelin-12 to people. Human infusion studies used [Pyr1]apelin-13 or apelin-36, different fragments; apelin-12 appears only as a blood marker.
Community: Weak, few user reports
No sources foundFull profile - HexarelinMuscle & growthNot reportedUS searches/mo
Small human studies only
Dozens of small 1990s studies gave hexarelin to volunteers and patients, including a 16-week trial in older adults. No phase label; development stopped.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
- IpamorelinMuscle & growthNot reportedUS searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Two completed phase 2 trials (117 and 320 people) for bowel recovery after surgery failed. Development stopped around 2013.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- Melanotan IISexual healthNot reportedUS searches/mo
Phase 1 trial
Phase 2 registered, recruiting: NCT07437560
Human data: a 3-person phase 1 pilot (1996) and small erection studies. A 60-person phase 2 vitiligo trial began in 2026. Many published harm reports.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
- MK-677 (Ibutamoren)Muscle & growthNot reportedUS searches/mo
Phase 2 trial
Phase 3 registered, recruiting: NCT06948214
Completed phase 2 trials (Alzheimer's, 512 people; hip fracture) found no clinical benefit. A pediatric phase 3 (LUM-201) began recruiting in 2026.
Community: Strong, agrees with studies
- NA-Selank AmidateBrainNot reportedUS searches/mo
No human studies found
No study of N-acetyl Selank amidate in people or animals was found. Selank, a different molecule, is approved in Russia.
Community: Moderate, partly agrees with studies
No sources foundFull profile - RetatrutideWeight lossNot reportedUS searches/mo
Phase 3 trial
Phase 3 TRIUMPH trials finished in 2026 and the first results are published. Not yet approved anywhere.
Community: Moderate, agrees with studies
- SemaxBrainNot reportedUS searches/mo
Approved outside the US
Registered in Russia as 0.1% nasal drops for stroke recovery and cognitive problems (renewed 2025). Trials are small Russian studies.
Community: Strong, partly agrees with studies
Looking for Peptides With an FDA Approval?
This study leaves them out. See every approved peptide by goal, with what research and users say.
How Evidence Is Graded
- Approved outside the US. A regulator outside the US has approved a medicine made from it.
- Phase 3 trial. A phase 3 trial in people has finished, or its results are published.
- Phase 2 trial. The furthest finished or published human research is a phase 2 trial.
- Phase 1 trial. The furthest finished or published human research is a phase 1 safety trial.
- Small human studies only. People have taken it in published studies, but none is a finished phase 1 to 3 trial. These are pilots, case reports or small unphased studies.
- No human studies found. No finished or published study in people was found. The research is in animals, cells or test tubes.
Method
The study covers every peptide on this site with no FDA-approved product, except the 3 whose approvals FDA withdrew: enfuvirtide, nesiritide and sermorelin. Blends and stacks are left out, but Lipo-C, CagriSema and Matrixyl 3000 stay, since the site lists each as one entry. Some entries are not peptides but turn up in peptide stacks, such as NAD+, AICAR, 5-Amino-1MQ and danuglipron. The study keeps them. For each one, ClinicalTrials.gov was searched for interventional studies testing it, and PubMed was searched for clinical trials and case reports in people. Each hit was read to confirm the peptide was the thing being tested. The explorer lists up to three trial IDs and three PubMed IDs per peptide.
The grade is the furthest stage of finished or published human research, not a judgment of quality or results. A trial counts once it has completed on ClinicalTrials.gov or its results are out. Trials that are registered but not finished are listed under the grade and do not raise it. Phase labels are the registry's own; a note flags any that oversell a small study.
Search demand is the 12-month average of US Google searches, from Google Ads and clickstream data via DataForSEO, pulled on . Each peptide uses its most searched spelling, such as "bpc157" for BPC-157. When that spelling also covers other products or another entry, the number is shown with an asterisk and left out of the totals and the chart.
Community view comes from each peptide's page on this site, which summarizes self-reported experiences from Reddit, forums and blogs. Its strength reflects how consistent those reports are. The line under it says how the reports compare with the published research. Community view is read from each peptide's page when the site is built, so it can change between editions. The check date covers the research and search columns.
Limitations
- Google withholds search data for some drug names. 7 peptides show "Not reported", which means no data, not zero searches. They are left out of the search totals.
- Studies not indexed in PubMed or registered on ClinicalTrials.gov can be missed.
- Community view summarizes self-reported experiences. It is not a survey or a trial.
- A finished trial can be small or negative. The grade shows how far research got, not what it found.
- A grade reflects what was found on the check date. New trials can move a peptide up.
- This page describes research status. It is not medical advice or a reason to use any peptide.
Cite or Reuse This Data
Peptide Schedule. The Peptide Evidence Gap: Search Demand vs Human Research (October 2026). https://www.peptideschedule.com/research/peptide-evidence-gap
Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Reuse it freely if you credit Peptide Schedule, link to this page and the license, and note any changes. Download the CSV. For FDA and compounding status, see the peptide regulatory tracker.